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KMID : 1134820170460121453
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Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
2017 Volume.46 No. 12 p.1453 ~ p.1461
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Antioxidant Activities and Cytotoxicities in Cancer Cells of Extracts of Dried Immature Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.)
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Nam Seung-Woo
Kim Mee-Ra
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Abstract
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This study investigated the antioxidant activities and cytotoxicities of hot-water extract (WEM) and ethanol extract (EEM) of dried immature bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) cultivated in Korea. Total ascorbic acid, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid contents of the EEM were higher than those of the WEM. The radical scavenging effect of EEM was 57.09% in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and 75.76% in the 2,2’-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt assay at 1,000 μg/assay. Antioxidant activities of the WEM and EEM were concentration-dependent in both methods. Cytotoxicities of the extracts in human cancer cells (HeLa, Hep3B, and A549) and normal human cells (HeLa229) were evaluated by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays. Extracts showed strong inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth. The cytotoxicity of EEM in the tested cancer cells was higher than that of the WEM at 800 ppm. In particular, the cytotoxicities of EEM in HeLa cells at 800 ppm in the MTT and SRB assays were 90.52% and 87.22%, respectively. On the other hand, both extracts presented relatively lower cytotoxicities in normal human cells compared to human cancer cells. In addition, weakened cohesion and shrink shape of HeLa cells treated with EEM were examined under an inverted microscope. These findings suggest that EEM with excellent antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity has potential as a resource for the development of natural functional materials.
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KEYWORD
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immature bitter melon, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity
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